Unyango oluBanzi lweCOPD eTurkey: Ujongo lweKlinikhi

Abstract:

Isifo sePulmonary Obstructive (COPD) sisifo esiqhubekayo sokuphefumla esichaphazela izigidi zabantu kwihlabathi liphela. Eli nqaku lijolise ekuboneleleni inkcazo yeklinikhi yeendlela zangoku zonyango lweCOPD eTurkey, ebonisa ukubaluleka kokuxilongwa kwangaphambili, ukunakekelwa kwezinto ezininzi, kunye neendlela zonyango eziphambili. Ukudityaniswa kwenoveli yonyango lwe-pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments, edityaniswe nobuchule babasebenzi bezempilo baseTurkey, inika indlela ebanzi nesebenzayo yolawulo lweCOPD.

Intshayelelo:

Isifo sePulmonary Obstructive (COPD) sisifo esintsonkothileyo nesidodobalisayo sokuphefumla esibonakaliswa kukuthintelwa kokuhamba komoya okuzingileyo kunye nokwehla kokusebenza kwemiphunga. Ngezinga eliphezulu lokuxhaphaka emhlabeni jikelele, i-COPD ibeka imingeni ebalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo, ngokukodwa malunga nolawulo kunye nonyango. ETurkey, icandelo lokhathalelo lwempilo lenze imitsi emandla ekuboneleleni ngokhathalelo lwangoku lweCOPD ngendlela yeendlela ezininzi, lisebenzisa indibaniselwano yenoveli yonyango lwezonyango kunye nonyango olungelulo olwamayeza. Eli nqaku liza kuphonononga iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwe-COPD eTurkey, lugxininise kwimbono yeklinikhi kunye neendlela ezintsha zonyango.

Ukuxilongwa kwangethuba kunye noVavanyo:

Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kweCOPD kubalulekile kwiziphumo zonyango eziyimpumelelo. E-Turkey, abaqeqeshi bezempilo bathobela iGOLD (i-Global Initiative ye-Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease) izikhokelo zokuxilongwa kwe-COPD, okubandakanya ukuhlolwa kwe-spirometry ukuqinisekisa ukuvinjelwa kokuhamba komoya kunye nokumisela ubunzima besifo. Inkqubo yokuhlola ibandakanya ukuvavanya iimpawu zesigulane, ukugqithiswa kwembali, kunye ne-comorbidities ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso sonyango esibanzi esilungiselelwe iimfuno zomntu ngamnye.

Unyango lwe-Pharmacological:

Ulawulo lwe-Pharmacological sisiseko se Unyango lweCOPD eTurkey. Injongo ephambili kukunciphisa iimpawu, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwemiphunga, kunye nokuthintela ukugqithisa. Ababoneleli bezempilo baseTurkey basebenzisa la mayeza alandelayo, mhlawumbi njenge-monotherapy okanye ngokudibeneyo, ukufezekisa ezi njongo:

1. I-Bronchodilators: I-β2-agonists (i-LABAs) ehlala ixesha elide kunye ne-muscarinic antagonists (i-LAMAs) yiyona nto iphambili yonyango lwe-COPD, ukubonelela nge-bronchodilation eqhubekayo kunye nokukhululeka kweempawu.
2. I-corticosteroids e-Inhaled (ICS): I-ICS imiselwe ngokudibeneyo kunye ne-LABAs okanye i-LAMAs kwizigulane ezinokugqithisa rhoqo okanye isifo esibi.
3. I-Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) inhibitors: I-Roflumilast, i-PDE-4 inhibitor, isetyenziswe njengonyango oluncedisayo kwizigulane ezineCOPD ezinzima kunye ne-bronchitis engapheliyo.
4. I-Systemic corticosteroids kunye ne-antibiotics: La mayeza alawulwa ngexesha lokunyuka ngokukhawuleza ukulawula ukuvuvukala kunye nosulelo.

Unyango olungalulo olwamayeza:

Ukongeza kwi-pharmacotherapy, ababoneleli bezempilo baseTurkey baqeshe iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokungena kwi-pharmacological kulawulo lweCOPD:

1. Ukuvuselelwa kwemiphunga: Le nkqubo ibanzi ibandakanya uqeqesho lokuzilolonga, imfundo, ingcebiso ngesondlo, kunye nenkxaso yengqondo yengqondo ukuphucula impilo-ntle yomzimba kunye neemvakalelo zesigulana.
2. Unyango lwe-oksijeni: Unyango lwe-oksijini yexesha elide lumiselwe izigulane ezine-hypoxemia ezinzima ukunciphisa iimpawu kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki.
3. I-ventilation engekho-invasive (NIV): I-NIV isetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngenkxaso yokuphefumula kwizigulane ezinokukhubazeka okunzima okanye okungapheliyo, ngokukodwa ngexesha lokunyuka.
4. Ukuyeka ukutshaya: Njengoko ukutshaya kungumngcipheko omkhulu weCOPD, abaqeqeshi bezempilo bagxininisa ukubaluleka kokuyeka ukutshaya kunye nokubonelela ngenkxaso ngeengcebiso kunye ne-pharmacotherapy.
5. Ukunciphisa umthamo wamaphaphu: Utyando kunye neendlela zokunciphisa umthamo we-bronchoscopic ziqeshwe kwizigulane ezikhethiweyo ukuphucula ukusebenza kwemiphunga kunye nomthamo wokuzivocavoca.
6. Ukufakelwa kwemiphunga: Kwizigulane ezine-COPD yesigaba sokugqibela, ukutshintshwa kwemiphunga kunokuthathwa njengokhetho lokugqibela lonyango.

Isiphelo:

Unyango lwe-COPD eTurkey lubandakanya iindlela ezininzi ezidibanisa ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili, ukunyamekela okujoliswe kwisigulane, kunye nokudityaniswa kwe-pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Ngokuthobela izikhokelo zeGOLD kunye nokusebenzisa iindlela zonyango zonyango, iingcali zezempilo zaseTurkey zizama ukubonelela ngolawulo olupheleleyo nolusebenzayo lweCOPD. Uphando oluqhubekayo kunye nentsebenziswano phakathi kwecandelo lezempilo liqinisekisa ukuba iTurkey ihlala iphambili kwinkqubela phambili yonyango lweCOPD. Uphuhliso lwexesha elizayo kumayeza omntu, unyango lwenoveli yamachiza, kunye neendlela ezintsha zotyando ziya kuqhubeka nokubumba imeko yeCOPD yokhathalelo eTurkey, inika ithemba kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi kwizigulana ezichatshazelwe sesi sifo sibi.

Enkosi kwindlela yonyango entsha enelungelo elilodwa lomenzi eTurkey, ukuxhomekeka kwioksijini kuphelile COPD izigulane. Ungaqhagamshelana nathi ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nolu nyango lukhethekileyo.