Ngokufunda umxholo wethu wesikhokelo esilungiselele abantu abafuna ukufumana unyango lomhlaza webele eTurkey, unokufumana ulwazi malunga nezixhobo ezisetyenziselwa unyango lomhlaza webele eTurkey, izibhedlele ezilungileyo, ii-FAQs kunye nobuchwepheshe obutsha.

Yintoni Umhlaza Webele

Umhlaza wamabele kukwanda okungaqhelekanga nokukhawulezayo kweeseli ebeleni. Ummandla apho iiseli ezikhulayo zibekwe kwibele uyahlula umhlaza ngokweentlobo zawo. Ibele lahlulwe laziinxalenye ezintathu. Ezi zahlulo zi-lobules, ii-ducts kunye nezicubu ezidibeneyo; Uninzi lomhlaza wamabele luqala kwimibhobho okanye kwi-lobules.

• I-Lobules: Ngamadlala avelisa ubisi.
• Imibhobho: Yimibhobho ehambisa ubisi kwingono.
• Connective tissue: Izihlunu ezijikelezayo nezibamba yonke into kunye.

Izinto ezibangela umhlaza wamabele (Imiba yoMngcipheko woMhlaza wamabele)

• "Ukuba ngumfazi" njengento yokuqala yomngcipheko
• Ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-50 ubudala
• Ukuxilongwa komhlaza webele kwisihlobo sokuqala
• Engazange azale okanye angancancisi
• Ukuzalwa kokuqala emva kweminyaka engama-30 ubudala
• Ukuya exesheni kwangoko (phambi kweminyaka eyi-12)
• Ukuyeka ukuya exesheni emva kwexesha (emva kweminyaka engama-55)
• Ukuthatha unyango lwe-hormone ye-postmenopausal
• Ukusebenzisa iipilisi zokulawula ukuzala ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuzalwa kokuqala
• Ukufumana ubunzima obugqithisileyo
• Utywala kunye nokutshaya
• Unyango lwe-radiotherapy ebusheni (phambi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala)
• Ukuba nomhlaza kwibele ngaphambili
• Ipesenti yamafutha aphantsi kwizicubu zebele
• Ukuthwala imfuza yomhlaza webele (BRCA)

Izinto ekufuneka zenziwe ukuThintela uMhlaza wamabele

• Ukunciphisa ukusela utywala: Ngokutsho kohlolisiso lwakutshanje, ukusela utywala kunye nomhlaza wamabele zilingana ngokuthe ngqo. Ukusela utywala obunye ngemini kwandisa lo mngcipheko.
• Yiba nomzimba: Ukuzilolongela ngumba omkhulu ekuncedeni ukuthintela umhlaza wamabele. Abasetyhini abadlalayo basengozini esezantsi yokuba nomhlaza wamabele.
• Ukuncancisa: Ukuncancisa kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthinteleni umhlaza wamabele. Okukhona owasetyhini encancisa ixesha elide, kokukhona ukhuseleko lwakhe luphezulu.
• Ukunciphisa unyango lwe-hormone ye-postmenopausal: Unyango lwe-Hormone lunempembelelo ebalulekileyo kumngcipheko womhlaza webele. Abasetyhini abathatha unyango lwehomoni banomngcipheko ophezulu wokuba nomhlaza wamabele.

Umhlaza wamabele wohlulwe ngokweendidi ngokwemimandla apho uqala khona;

Umhlaza Webele Obulalayo

I-invasive ductal carcinoma lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo lomhlaza. Luhlobo lomhlaza olukhula kwimibhobho yobisi. Ihlasela izicubu zebele ezinefibrous okanye ezinamafutha. Luhlobo olugubungela i-80% yomhlaza wamabele.

I-lobular carcinoma ehlaselayo yiseli yomhlaza evela kumadlala amabele. Umhlaza ohlaselayo ubhekisa kumhlaza onokusasazeka kunye ne-metastasis ukusuka kwi-lobule ukuya kwenye indawo.

Isifo sikaNipple Paget yimeko yokurhawuzelelwa, ukuba bomvu kwesikhumba kunye nokutshisa kwindawo enombala omnyama ejikeleze ingono kunye nengono. Le Ngxaki inokuba sisiqalo somhlaza.

Umhlaza webele wokukrala luhlobo olunqabe kakhulu lomhlaza wamabele. Luhlobo olukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye lubangele ubomvu, ukuvuvukala kunye nokuthamba kwebele. Iiseli zomhlaza wamabele wokukrala zivala imithambo ye-lymphatic eluswini olugqume ibele. Esi sizathu sokuba kutheni ibangela ukuguquka kwebala kunye nokudumba kwebele.

I-Phyllode ithumba luhlobo olunqabileyo lwethumba. Yenziwa kukukhula kweeseli ezingaqhelekanga kwithishu edibeneyo ebizwa ngokuba yistroma esifubeni. Amathumba e-Phyllodes adla ngokungabi nawo umhlaza. Ngoko ke, abenzi metastasize, kodwa bakhula ngokukhawuleza.

Umhlaza Webele Ongaxhaphakanga

I-Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS): Luhlobo lomhlaza oluqala kwimibhobho yobisi. Luhlobo lwethumba olukhula ngokungaqhelekanga kunye nokukhula ngokukhawuleza kweeseli kwimibhobho yobisi. Ikwalinqanaba lokuqala lomhlaza wamabele. Ukuba isampuli ye-biopsy iqinisekisa olu hlobo lomhlaza webele, oko kuthetha ukuba iiseli zebele lakho aziqhelekanga kodwa azikajiki zibe lithumba. Kwelinye icala, uya kunyangwa ngokuxilongwa kwangoko.

Lobular carcinoma in situ – LCIS: Kukungaqheleki kweeseli eziqala kwincam yebele. Ayingomhlaza. Oku kubonisa kuphela ukuba umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza webele uyenyuka kwixesha elizayo. Ayinakufunyaniswa nge-mammography. Wakuba ufunyanisiwe, akukho nyango lufunekayo. Kwanele ukulandelela kunye nolawulo rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-6-12.

Iimpawu zomhlaza wamabele

Uhlobo ngalunye lomhlaza wamabele lubonisa iimpawu ezahlukeneyo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba le miqondiso, ngamanye amaxesha ingenzeki kwaphela, ingaba ngumqondiso wesinye isifo;

• Ubunzima bebele
• IMisa ekhwapheni
• Ukudumba kwenxalenye yebele.
• Ukucaphuka okanye ukugqobhoza kwesikhumba sesifuba.
• Ububomvu okanye ukuvuleka kwindawo yengono okanye ibele
• Ukunciphisa ingono
• Iintlungu kwindawo yengono.
• Ukukhutshwa kwengono
• Naluphi na utshintsho kubukhulu okanye ukumila kwebele.
• Iintlungu kuyo nayiphi na indawo yebele.

Ireyithi yokusinda koMhlaza wamabele

Nangona izinga lokusinda lahlukile phakathi kwabantu, esi santya silingana ngokuthe ngqo kwezinye izinto. Ngokukodwa uhlobo kunye nezigaba zomhlaza zichaphazela kakhulu esi siphumo.

Isigaba 1: Uninzi lwabasetyhini basinda kumhlaza wabo iminyaka emi-5 okanye ngaphezulu emva kokuxilongwa.
Inqanaba 2: Malunga nama-90 kwabasetyhini abali-100 baya kuba bengenawo umhlaza kangangeminyaka emi-5 okanye ngaphezulu emva kokuba befunyanisiwe.
Inqanaba 3: Ngaphezu kwama-70 kwabasetyhini abali-100 baya kusinda kumhlaza wabo iminyaka emi-5 okanye ngaphezulu emva kokuxilongwa.
Isigaba 4: Malunga nama-25 kwabasetyhini abali-100 baya kuphila iminyaka emi-5 okanye ngaphezulu emva kokufunyaniswa ukuba banomhlaza. Umhlaza awunyangeki okwangoku, kodwa unokulawulwa ngeminyaka embalwa yonyango.

Amazwe abonelela ngoNyango loMhlaza wamabele ngoMgangatho oPhezulu weMpumelelo

Kukho amazwe ambalwa anezinga eliphezulu lempumelelo kwi unyango lomhlaza webele. Kukho ezinye izinto anazo la mazwe. Enkosi kwezi zinto, banokunika unyango oluyimpumelelo;

• Itekhnoloji efikelelekayo eyenza ukuba ibonwe kwangoko
• Unyango olusemgangathweni
• ukhathalelo lokusinda

Unokufumana unyango oluyimpumelelo lomhlaza webele kumazwe anezi zinto. Kweli nqaku, sixubusha unyango lomhlaza webele eTurkey. I-Turkey ibiphakathi kwamazwe aphambili kwezokhenketho lwezempilo kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Izigulane ziya eTurkey kunyango oluninzi. Unokufunda malunga nawo onke amathuba kunye neenkonzo ezinikezelwa eTurkey ngokufunda umxholo esiwulungiselele abo bacinga ukufumana unyango lomhlaza kweli lizwe, elikwabonelela ngonyango oluphezulu lwetekhnoloji kwizifo ezisongela ubomi ezifana nomhlaza. Ngoko isigqibo sakho sinokukhawuleza.

Unyango lomhlaza wamabele eTurkey

I-Turkey inikezela ngonyango nge izinga eliphezulu lempumelelo ngezibhedlele zayo ezixhotyisiweyo, oogqirha abanamava kunye nonyango ngaphandle kwexesha lokulinda. Izigulana ziya eTurkey zisuka kumazwe amaninzi ukuya kufumana olu nyango. Ukuba ufuna ukuqwalasela izinto ekukhetheni iTurkey, unokufunda ngakumbi ngokuqhubekayo ngokuqhubeka ufunda.

UTyando Lokugcina Amabele eTurkey

I-Lumpectomy

Yinkqubo yokususa ubunzima obuqulunqwe ziiseli ezinomhlaza kwibele kunye nezinye iithishu ezijikelezileyo. Ukuba isigulana siza kunikwa i-adjuvant chemotherapy, iradiotherapy idla ngokulibaziseka de kugqitywe unyango lwechemotherapy.

I-Quadrantectomy

Kubandakanya ukususa izicubu ezininzi kune-lumpectomy. Malunga nekota yebele ithathwa. IRadiotherapy idla ngokunikezelwa emva kolu tyando. Kodwa kwakhona, ukuba ichemotherapy iza kunikwa, iradiotherapy ilibaziseke.

Mastectomy eTurkey

I-Mastectomy elula

Lolona tyando lusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kunyango lomhlaza wamabele. Kubandakanya ukususwa kwezicubu ezininzi ebeleni, kuquka ingono. Akubandakanyi ukususa imisipha yebele kunye ne-armpit lymph nodes.

Ukususwa kweMastectomy yolusu

Ibandakanya ukususwa kwezicubu kunye ne-mastectomy elula. Isebenza ngokufanayo. Kubandakanya ukususa ingono kunye nendawo emnyama ejikeleze ingono. Izicubu eziseleyo azichukunyiswa. Izigulana ezininzi zikhetha le ndlela kuba zifuna izicubu ezonzakele kakhulu kunye nenkangeleko yebele engcono.

Ukususwa kweengono kwebele

Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukususa izicubu, kodwa kungonakalisi ingono kunye nolusu lwamabele. Kwelinye icala, ukuba obu buchule bukhethwa kubafazi abanamabele amakhulu, ingono inokolulwa kwaye iphume. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, le ndlela yonyango ithandwa kakhulu ngabasetyhini abanamabele amancinci okanye aphakathi.

Ukutshintsha iMastectomy eguqulweyo

Yeyona mastectomy elula. Noko ke, kukho umahluko. Lo msebenzi ubandakanya ukususa i-axillary lymph nodes.

I-Radical Mastectomy

Olu buchule lubandakanya ukususwa ngokupheleleyo kwebele. Ngexesha elifanayo, i-lymph nodes kwi-armpit nayo isusiwe. Ngelixa obu buchule bebusetyenziswa kakhulu ngaphambili, busetyenziswa kancinci ngoku. Obu buchule abukhange busetyenziswe kakhulu emva kokuba kufunyenwe iindlela ezintsha nezingonakalisi kangako. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kumathumba amakhulu angaphantsi kwebele.

Lithini inqanaba leMpumelelo yoNyango loMhlaza wamabele eTurkey?

Izibhedlele zeOncology eTurkey

Izibhedlele zeOncology eTurkey zixhotyiswe kakhulu. Inika unyango ngeteknoloji yakutshanje kunyango lomhlaza. Ngeli xesha lonyango, inokutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza ngobungozi obuncinci kwisigulana. Ngaloo ndlela, izigulane ziphathwa kwizibhedlele ezithembekileyo ezinezinga eliphezulu lempumelelo. Kwelinye icala, kukho iinkqubo zokungenisa umoya ezibizwa ngokuba ziiHepafilters ezibhedlele. Enkosi kwezi zihluzo, kuyaqinisekiswa ukuba omabini amagumbi onyango, amagumbi otyando kunye namagumbi ezigulane akanazintsholongwane ngokugqithisileyo. Ezi zihluzo zikhusela izigulana ezinomhlaza kuzo zonke iintlobo zosulelo kwaye zibonelela ngonyango olungabeki mngcipheko wosulelo.

OoGqirha ababonelela ngoNyango loMhlaza wamabele eTurkey

Kunyango lomhlaza webele, unyango lunikezelwa ngu I-Oncology, iRadiology yamabele kunye noGqirha botyando. Aba gqirha botyando ngamagama aphumeleleyo entsimini. Ngaxeshanye, banamandla okusebenzisa izixhobo ezibonelela ngonyango ngobuchwepheshe bamva nje ngeyona ndlela ilungileyo.

Aba bantu, abaye banyanga amawaka abaguli kulo lonke ixesha labo njengogqirha, ngabantu abanolwazi abaye bafumana uqeqesho olukhethekileyo ngendlela yokunxibelelana nezigulana.. Kwelinye icala, izibhedlele zineengcali zokunyanga izigulana eziphantsi konyango lomhlaza. Ngaloo ndlela, ngoncedo lomgqirha, izigulana zifumana unyango apho zomelele ngokwasengqondweni. Njengoko wonke umntu uyazi, ulonwabo linyathelo lokuqala lokutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza.

Unyango lomhlaza wamabele ngaphandle kwexesha lokulinda eTurkey

Amazwe amaninzi awonelanga kulo mba. Phantse ilizwe ngalinye elinika unyango olulungileyo linexesha lokulinda. La maxesha made kakhulu ukuba angajongelwa phantsi. Kwisifo esifana nomhlaza, ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kunye nonyango, oluyinzuzo enkulu, kufuneka luvavanywe kakuhle.

Amaxesha okulinda kwilizwe apho ugqibe ekubeni ufumane unyango njengelizwe elinomgangatho ophezulu liyakunciphisa izinga lempumelelo yolu nyango. Nangona kunjalo, akukho xesha lokulinda eTurkey. Unyango lunokuqaliswa ngosuku olucwangcisiweyo lonyango oluyimfuneko. Enkosi kolu ncedo, lenza libe lilizwe elikhethiweyo kunyango lomhlaza obekwe ngokwenqanaba eliphezulu.

Iindlela ezisetyenziswa kuNyango loMhlaza wamabele eTurkey

• Unyango lonyango
• Radiotherapy
• Chemotherapy
• Unyango lweHormone

Ubuchwephesha obusetyenziswa kuNyango lomhlaza wamabele eTurkey

Umhlaza wamabele lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo lomhlaza kwabasetyhini. Ngelixa yayisesichengeni sobomi kunye nohlobo oluphezulu lokufa komhlaza kumaxesha akudala, iye yanyangeka kakhulu ngophando kunye neeprojekthi. Ngombulelo kuphando lwamva nje, uhlobo lomhlaza lunokufundwa ngokulula. Oku kunika ithuba lonyango oluthe ngqo kuhlobo lomhlaza. Ngonyango lobuqu eTurkey, kuyaqinisekiswa ukuba isigulana sifumana unyango oluyimpumelelo.
Ubuchwephesha obusetyenziswa yiTurkey kuNyango loMhlaza;

Umfanekiso oKhokelwayo kuNyango lweRadiation (IGRT) kuMhlaza wamabele

Electa HD Versa

Mandulo, ukusetyenziswa kweradiotherapy kwakuyingozi kumguli. Nangona i ukusetyenziswa kwemitha yedosi ephezulu kuchaphazele iiseli zomhlaza ekujoliswe kuzo, zonakalisa nezicubu ezizungezile eziphilileyo. Ngoko ke, idosi yokusasazeka ngemitha efunekayo ayikwazanga ukusetyenziswa. Nangona kunjalo, kunye ne itekhnoloji yakutshanje, idosi ephezulu kakhulu yemitha isetyenziswa kwiseli yomhlaza kwaye umguli unokunyangwa ngaphandle kokonakalisa izicubu eziphilileyo.

Cone Beam CT

Kwakhona, indawo eyayimi kuyo imiqadi kumaxesha amandulo yayingenakubonwa. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, unyango lwe-radiation lusetyenziswe kwindawo enkulu. Oku kwakuwonakalisa izihlunu ezisempilweni zesigulana. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yesi sixhobo, izicubu ezifakwe kwi-irradiated zingabonwa ngokuchanekileyo. Ngaloo ndlela, kuphela izicubu ezinomhlaza ezikhanyiswa ngaphandle kokwenzakalisa umguli.

Amachiza e-Smart kuNyango loMhlaza wamabele

Le ndlela yonyango, efuna uphando lwesakhiwo sofuzo ithumba, inika ithemba abaninzi paiintente. Kugqitywe ukuba leliphi iyeza elinokunyangwa kwithumba elinolwakhiwo lwemfuza oluchongwa elabhoratri. Ngaloo ndlela, iziyobisi ezonakalisa amalungu esigulane azinikwa. Ichemotherapy eyanikwa umguli yayiyindlela ebuhlungu eyonakalisa izicwili ezisempilweni. Nangona kunjalo, enkosi kwi iziyobisi zakutshanje smart, xa ichiza lisetyenziswa, lihlasela kuphela ithumba. Ngaloo ndlela, abaguli banokunyangwa ngaphandle kweentlungu kwaye ngaphandle kokwenzakalisa imizimba yabo.

Izinto eziluncedo zokufumana unyango lomhlaza wamabele eTurkey

Njengazo zonke iintlobo zomhlaza, umhlaza wamabele sisifo esifuna ukukhuthazwa. Umguli kufuneka azive enoxolo kwaye onwabile. Ngesi sizathu, izigulana ezifumana unyango eTurkey zinokufumana uxolo kunye nendalo kunye nolwandle. Ukutshintsha amazwe kunye nokubona iindawo ezintsha kunika inkuthazo kwisigulana. Kwelinye icala, xa umhlaza wamabele, ofuna inkqubo ende yonyango, ungeniswa I-Turkey, indawo yokuhlala kunye nezinye iimfuno zihlangatyezwa.

Umhlaza awusosifo esinokunyangeka ngemini. Ngoko ke, kunokufuneka uhlale kwilizwe iiveki. Oku kukuvumela ukuba uhlale eTurkey kwiimeko ezingcono kunalo naliphi na elinye ilizwe kwaye ubuyele ekhaya ngokuhlawula amaxabiso afikelelekayo. Emva kokufumana unyango kwelinye ilizwe, ungakhetha ukungachithi ngaphezu kogcino lwakho ngokukhetha iTurkey endaweni yokungena ematyaleni.

Kufuneka ndenze ntoni ukuze ndifumane unyango lomhlaza webele eTurkey?

Ungaqhagamshelana nathi. Sinikezela ngonyango kwizibhedlele eziphumeleleyo ezaziwa ngumntu wonke. Ngeqela lethu lokhathalelo lwempilo elibandakanya oogqirha botyando abaziingcali kunye nabongikazi, kunye neqela lethu lokhathalelo lwezigulane ezinamava, sibonelela ngeenkonzo kwizibhedlele ezenza usapho olukhulu. Ukuba ufuna ukunyangwa kwezi zibhedlele apho kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe ngaphandle kokuthandabuza, ungaqhagamshelana nathi.

Iingcali zisebenza ngamaxesha onokufikelela kwi-24/7. Ngaloo ndlela, isicwangciso sonyango siya kwenziwa emva kokuba amaxwebhu kunye nolwazi olufunekayo kunyango lufunyenwe kuwe. Ngokutsho kwesicwangciso, kwanele ukuba ube eTurkey. Izigulana zethu ngokubanzi zixhamla kunyango ngokuthatha inkonzo yephakheji. Ungaqhagamshelana nathi ukuze ufumane ulwazi malunga neenkonzo zethu zephakheji kunye nokufumana ixabiso.

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