Khansa ya Ovarian ndi mtundu wa khansa yomwe imapezeka mwa amayi, yomwe si yosavuta kuizindikira. Khansara yamtundu uwu, yomwe ingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa ntchito monga kubereka, ndi matenda omwe samasonyeza zizindikiro kumayambiriro kwake ndipo zizindikiro zake nthawi zambiri zimaganiziridwa kuti zimakhala chifukwa cha zifukwa zina. Choncho, amapezeka mu magawo mochedwa. Izi complicates mankhwala.

Kodi Khansa ya Ovarian Ndi Chiyani?

Khansara ndi matenda omwe amapezeka pamene maselo a m'thupi amakula mopanda mphamvu. Ngakhale khansayo ikadzafalikira ku ziwalo zina zathupi, kaŵirikaŵiri imatchedwa kutengera dera limene inayambira.

Khansara ya ovarian ndi matenda omwe amayambira m'machubu kapena mazira. Azimayi ali ndi mazira awiri, imodzi mbali iliyonse ya chiberekero, m'chiuno. Mazira amatulutsa mahomoni achikazi ndipo amapanga mazira kuti abereke. Kusintha kwa maselo osadziwika bwino omwe amayamba mu ziwalozi ndi matenda aakulu omwe amakhudza ntchito zoberekera za wodwalayo.

Zizindikiro za Khansa ya Ovarian

Khansara ya m'chiberekero ndi matenda omwe sangadziwike adakali aang'ono chifukwa amasokonezedwa ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimakhalapo nthawi zina. Komabe, zizindikirozi ziyenera kuganiziridwa zimafuna kukaonana ndi dokotala mwamsanga ndikuphatikizapo;

• Kutupa m'mimba kapena kutupa
• Kumva kukhuta pamene ukudya
• kuwonda
• Kusapeza bwino m'dera la m'chiuno
• kapena amatopa
• Ululu wammbuyo
• Zosintha m'matumbo, monga kudzimbidwa
• Kufunika kukodza pafupipafupi

Zifukwa za Khansa ya Ovarian

Zomwe zimayambitsa khansa ya m'mimba sizidziwika. Sizinganenedwe kuti zimachitika pazifukwa, koma zinthu zina zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya ovari. Anthu omwe ali ndi zinthu izi ayenera kuyesedwa pafupipafupi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zonse zili bwino.

Zowopsa za Khansa ya Ovarian

Zinthu zomwe zingapangitse chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi khansa ya ovari ndi:

• Mpaka pamenepo
• Jini lobadwa nalo
• Matenda a Lynch
• Mbiri ya banja la khansa yamchiberekero
• Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy
• Endometriosis
• Zaka zomwe kusamba kumayambira ndikutha
• Sanakhalepo ndi pakati

Mitundu ya Khansa ya Ovarian

Mtundu wa selo lomwe khansa imayambira imatsimikizira mtundu wa khansa ya m'mawere yomwe muli nayo. Mtundu uliwonse ungafunike mankhwala osiyanasiyana. Pachifukwa ichi, mtundu wa khansa yomwe muli nayo ndiyofunikira popanga dongosolo lamankhwala la dokotala wanu. Mitundu ya khansa ya ovarian ndi:

Khansara ya Epithelial Ovarian: Mtundu uwu ndi wofala kwambiri. Zimaphatikizapo mitundu ingapo, kuphatikizapo serous carcinoma ndi mucinous carcinoma. Chithandizo cha mtundu uwu wa khansa, chomwe chingabweretse imfa pambuyo pochizindikira mochedwa, ndichofunika kwambiri. Ngati wapezeka ndi matenda msanga, wodwalayo ayenera kulandira chithandizo mwamsanga.
Matenda a Stromal: Zotupa zosowa izi nthawi zambiri zimatha kupezeka kale kuposa khansa zina zam'mimba. Nthawi zambiri amakhala abwino komanso osavuta kuwachiritsa.
Zotupa za ma cell: Makhansa amtundu wa ovary omwe amapezeka kawirikawiri amapezeka ali achichepere. Iwo akhoza kukhala abwino kapena oipa mtima. Atha kulandira chithandizo ngati apezeka msanga.

Kodi Khansa ya Ovarian Ingachiritsidwe?

Zimatengera mitundu ya khansa. Mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'mimba imatha kuchiritsidwa kumapeto kwake, pamene ina imatha kuchiritsidwa kumayambiriro. Izi zikufotokozera kufunika kofufuza mwachizolowezi. Mayi aliyense akuyenera kukayezetsa chizolowezi akakwanitsa zaka 40 ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zonse zili bwino.

Pazimenezi, ndi koyenera kukayezetsa kamodzi pachaka. Ngati simungathe kuchita izi chifukwa chakukwera mitengo m'dziko lanu, mutha kukhala ndi a Onaninso ku Turkey. Pachifukwa ichi, mutha kuwerenga zomwe zili zathu ndikuphunzira tsatanetsatane ndi mitengo. Motero, ngakhale mulibe zizindikiro zilizonse, chithandizo chingayambike mwamsanga pamene chinachake chalakwika m’thupi, ndipo zimenezi n’zofunika kwambiri.

Kumbali ina, chithandizo cha mitundu imeneyi ya khansa chimadaliranso chipatala chimene wodwalayo akachizidwe. Kulandira chithandizo kuchokera kwa madokotala odziwa kuchiza khansa ya ovarian kudzawonjezera kupambana kwa chithandizocho. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, teknoloji yachipatala yomwe chithandizocho chimachitidwa ndi yofunika kwambiri.

Iyenera kukhala ndi zida zomwe zimazindikira bwino khansa yomwe wodwala ali nayo ndikupereka chithandizo cholunjika. Zinthu izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pochiza khansa. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, nkofunika kuti anthu omwe ali ndi khansa ya ovary alandire chithandizo chabwino adakali aang'ono kuti asakumane ndi mavuto obereka. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti dziko labwino liyenera kusankhidwa kuti lilandire chithandizo.

Kuzindikira Khansa ya Ovarian

Mayeso a mchiuno: Kumaphatikizapo kulowetsa zala za dzanja lovala la dotolo mu nyini yanu panthawi ya mayeso a pelvic. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, amakankhira dzanja limodzi pamimba panu kuti amve ziwalo za m'chiuno. Dokotala adzawunikanso maliseche anu, nyini, ndi khomo lachiberekero.

Mayeso ojambulira: Mayesero monga ultrasound kapena CT scans a mimba yanu ndi pelvis adzakuthandizani kudziwa kukula, mawonekedwe, ndi mapangidwe a mazira anu.

Mayeso a magazi: Kuyezetsa magazi kungaphatikizepo kuyesa kwa ziwalo zomwe zingathandize kudziwa thanzi lanu lonse. Izi zikuwonetsa ngati pali vuto ndi mazira anu.

Opaleshoni: Nthawi zina dokotala sadziwa za matenda anu mpaka atachitidwa opaleshoni kuchotsa ovary ndikuyesa zizindikiro za khansa.

Mayeso a chibadwa: Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kuyesa magazi anu kuti muwone kusintha kwa majini komwe kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya ovari. Kudziwa kuti muli ndi kusintha kobadwa nako mu DNA yanu kumathandiza dokotala wanu kupanga chisankho pa dongosolo lanu la mankhwala.

Chithandizo cha khansa ya ovarian

Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mawere, monga khansa ina, imaphatikizapo opaleshoni ndi njira zina. Ngakhale opaleshoni ndi chemotherapy amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, njira zina zomwe zalembedwa pansipa zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'mitundu ina.

• Opaleshoni
• mankhwala amphamvu
• Njira yochiritsira
• Hormone mankhwala
• immunotherapy
• Radiotherapy

Opaleshoni ya Khansa ya Ovarian

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Opaleshoni ya Khansa ya Ovarian. Maopaleshoniwa, omwe kufunikira kwake kumatsimikiziridwa malinga ndi magawo, ndi awa;
Partial Hysterectomy: Imachotsa kumtunda kwa chiberekero chanu.

Opaleshoni ndi njira yomwe imakonda kwambiri pa khansa ya m'mawere. Komabe, n'zotheka kukhala ndi mavuto obereka pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Pachifukwa ichi, anthu ayenera kulandira chithandizo kuchokera kwa madokotala ochita bwino. Pochiza bwino khansa, chithandizo choyambirira komanso chanthawi yake ndikofunikira monga kulandira chithandizo kuchokera kwa maopaleshoni abwino kuti athe kuchiza matendawa mwachangu komanso zotsatira zake zochepa.

Mutha kusankhanso malo ochizira khansa ku Turkey kuti mupeze chithandizo chanthawi yake komanso cholondola kuchokera kwa madokotala ochita bwino. Chifukwa chake mutha kupeza chithandizo chabwino kwambiri cha khansa. Kumbukirani kuti ichi ndi chisankho chofunika kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kupanga chisankho chabwino osati kupeza chithandizo m'maiko omwe chiwongola dzanja chochepa. Chifukwa n’chofunika kwambiri moti chingasokoneze moyo wanu komanso kubereka kwanu.

Total hysterectomy: Amachotsa chiberekero chanu ndi khomo lachiberekero.
Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO): Amachotsa mazira anu ndi machubu onse a fallopian
Unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy: Amachotsa dzira limodzi lokha ndi chubu limodzi la fallopian.
Omentectomy: amachotsa minyewa yomwe imakuta mimba yanu ndi matumbo akulu
Kutupa kwa ma lymph node: Amachotsa ma lymph nodes m'chiuno mwanu ndi pamimba

Chemotherapy ya Khansa ya Ovarian

Mtundu wa khansara nthawi zambiri umapanga dongosolo la chemotherapy mu khansa ya ovarian. Chifukwa chake, mtundu wa khansa uyenera kufotokozedwa bwino ndipo chithandizo chimaphatikizapo:
Nthawi zambiri, chithandizo chimaperekedwa ndi kuphatikiza kwa mankhwala awiri. Izi zimapereka zotsatira zachangu kuposa chithandizo ndi mankhwala amodzi.
Chithandizo chimakhala cha 3 ndi 4 milungu, ndi magawo. Ndipo zimachitika ndi mankhwala operekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha.

Chithandizo chimakhala ndi chemotherapy ndi nthawi yopuma, yomwe imatchedwa mizungu. Kuzungulira ndi njira yonse yothandizira zimadalira mtundu ndi kukula kwa khansara. Mankhwala operekedwa kwa Mbalame iliyonse ali pamalingaliro a dokotala. Dokotala wanu ayenera kukupatsani mankhwala osakaniza bwino pa mlingo woyenera pa nthawi yoyenera kuti mupeze chithandizo chabwino kwambiri. Ndipo mitundu ya mankhwala omwe mungamwe ndi awa;

• Albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel, Abraxane)
• Altretamine (Hexalene)
• Capecitabine (Xeloda)
• Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
• Etoposide (VP-16)
• Gemcitabine (Gemzar)
• Ifosphamide (Ifex)
• Irinotecan (CPT-11, Camposar)
• Liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil)
• Melphalan
• Pemetrexed (Alimta)
• Chimamanda
• Vinorelbine (Navelbine)

Thandizo lokhazikika la Khansa ya Ovarian

Thandizo lolunjika ndi mtundu wa chithandizo cha khansa chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuti azindikire ndikuukira ma cell a khansa pomwe akuwononga pang'ono ma cell abwinobwino. Mankhwalawa amapeza zomwe zimapangitsa maselo a khansa kukhala osiyana ndikuwaukira mwanjira imeneyo. Mtundu uliwonse wa chithandizo chomwe chimayang'aniridwa umagwira ntchito mosiyana, koma onse amasintha momwe maselo a khansa amakulira, kugawa, kudzikonza, kapena kuyanjana ndi maselo ena.

Immunotherapy kwa Khansa ya Ovarian

Immunotherapy si njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa yamtundu uliwonse. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa ya m'mawere yobwerezabwereza kapena khansa yapamwamba ya ovarian.
Immunotherapy imaphatikizapo kukumana ndi ma cell athanzi ndikuukira ma cell a khansa m'malo a labotale. Maselo ophunzitsidwa mwanjira imeneyi amatumizidwanso m’thupi. Motero, thupi la wodwalayo likupitiriza kulimbana ndi maselo a khansa.

Radiationtherapy ya Khansa ya Ovarian

Radiationtherapy ndi njira yosagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri pochiza khansa ya m'chiberekero. Chemotherapy ndi opaleshoni nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa ya m'mawere.
Ma radiation amakondedwa pochiza khansa ya ovarian yomwe imafalikira kumagulu osiyanasiyana ndi ziwalo.

Mankhwala Opambana a Khansa

Chithandizo chabwino cha khansa ndi chofunikira kwambiri osati pa khansa ya m'mawere yokha komanso pamankhwala ena onse a khansa. Poganizira zinthu zomwe zimatsimikizira kupambana kwa chithandizo chomwe mudzalandira, chipambano chidzawonjezeka kwambiri.

Chithandizo chabwino cha khansa ndi chofunikira kwambiri osati pa khansa ya m'mawere yokha komanso pamankhwala ena onse a khansa. Poganizira zinthu zomwe zimatsimikizira kupambana kwa chithandizo chomwe mudzalandira, chipambano chidzawonjezeka kwambiri.

• Chithandizo cha Khansa chanthawi yake
• Chithandizo cha Khansa Mzipatala Zokhala Ndi Zida
• Chithandizo cha Khansa chotsika mtengo
• Maiko Opambana mu Chithandizo cha Khansa
• Madokotala Odziwa Maopaleshoni pa Chithandizo cha Khansa

Chithandizo cha Khansa chanthawi yake

Kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala pa nthawi yake kumawonjezera kwambiri chiwopsezo cha odwala. Komabe, mayiko ambiri omwe angapereke chithandizo chamankhwala opambana pamankhwala a khansa alibe izi. Ngakhale kuti mayiko monga UK ndi USA amakonda kwambiri chithandizo cha khansa, wodwalayo amayenera kudikirira kwa nthawi yayitali kuti alandire chithandizo cha khansa. Odwala omwe amabwera kumayikowa kuti akalandire chithandizo cha khansa kuchokera kumadera ambiri padziko lapansi nthawi zambiri amadziwa za kukhalapo kwa nthawi yodikira. Koma akuganiza kuti asankhe maikowa kuti asamalidwe bwino.

Khansa ndi matenda omwe amafunikira chithandizo pakanthawi. Ngati khansayo yapezeka ndi kulandira chithandizo panthaŵi yoyenera, n’zotheka kuchiza kotheratu. Pachifukwa ichi, kudikira kwanthawi yayitali m'maiko monga UK ndi USA kudzachepetsa kwambiri chiwopsezo cha chithandizo. Chifukwa khansa ndi matenda omwe amakhala ovuta kuchiza pakapita nthawi ndipo amatha kufikira ziwalo zina zathupi. Pachifukwa chimenechi, wodwalayo amakonda kukalandira chithandizo m’mayiko amene angalandire chithandizo panthaŵi yeniyeni.

Dziko ilinso ndi Turkey nthawi zambiri. Turkey ndi dziko lomwe lingapereke chithandizo chamankhwala ochizira khansa popanda kuyembekezera. Kumbali inayi, ili m'njira yoti mukhale amodzi mwamalo ochizira khansa, omwe ali ndi chithandizo chopambana kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa. Mutha kulumikizana nafe kuti mupeze chithandizo chabwino cha khansa mdziko muno ndikuchita bwino. Chifukwa chake, titha kupanga dongosolo lamankhwala musanabwere ku Turkey ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo mukangofika.

Chithandizo cha Khansa Mzipatala Zokhala Ndi Zida

Wodwala amene adzalandire chithandizo cha khansa ayenera kusankha chipatala chokhala ndi zida zokwanira. Apanso, kusankha dziko ndikofunikira. Chifukwa zida ndi chitukuko chaumisiri zipatala zimadalira chitukuko cha zamakono mankhwala dziko. Mwachitsanzo, m’dziko ngati la Poland, zachipatala ndizovuta kwambiri. Kuchiza bwino kwa khansa sikutheka ku Poland chifukwa cha nthawi yodikirira komanso zida zosakwanira. Ngakhale mutasankha kulandira chithandizo ku chipatala chabwino kwambiri ku Poland, sizingakhale bwino monga kuthandizidwa kuchipatala chokhazikika ku Turkey.

Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mawere tsopano ndichosavuta chifukwa cha zida zamakono zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ochizira khansa ku Turkey. Ndi chithandizo chokhazikika, zotsatira za chithandizo cha Khansa zimachepetsedwa ndipo maselo athanzi amawonongeka pang'ono. Kumbali ina, ili ndi matekinoloje omwe amapangitsa kuti chithandizo chamankhwala chosapweteka chitheke. Mutha kulumikizana nafe kuti mupindule ndi kupambana kwa Turkey pamankhwala a khansa. Chifukwa chake, mutha kufikira machiritso omasuka kwambiri, osapweteka komanso opambana.

Chithandizo cha Khansa chotsika mtengo

Chithandizo cha khansa ndi chithandizo choperekedwa ndi inshuwaransi. Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti ndalama zonse zothandizira khansa zimalipidwa ndi inshuwaransi. Ngakhale zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi mitundu ya khansa, wodwala amayenera kulipira osachepera 20% ya mtengo wamankhwala. Pazochitika zomwe wodwalayo ayenera kuthandizidwa m'zipatala zapadera chifukwa cha nthawi yodikira ndi zipangizo zosakwanira m'zipatala za boma m'dziko lake, wodwalayo angasankhe kuti athandizidwe m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Izi zimafuna kutha kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala chotsika mtengo m'dziko lomwe mukufuna.

Turkey ndi dziko loyenera kwambiri lonse. Kutsika mtengo kwa moyo komanso kukwera mtengo kwamitengo kumatsimikizira kuti odwala khansa akunja atha kupeza chithandizo chabwino kwambiri pamitengo yotsika mtengo kwambiri. Mayiko monga USA ndi UK akaganiziridwa, ndizotheka kulandira chithandizo ku Turkey pamiyeso yomwe ingapezeke m'malo opambana kwambiri ochizira khansa m'maikowa. Izi zidzapulumutsa mpaka 60% pamankhwala aku Turkey. Motero, m’malo moyesetsa kubweza ngongole pambuyo pa chithandizo cha khansa, wodwalayo amatha kupuma nthawi yaitali.

Maiko Opambana mu Chithandizo cha Khansa

Mayiko omwe akuchita bwino pochiza khansa alembedwa pansipa. Kupambana kwa mayikowa pochiza kasner kumadalira pazifukwa zina.
Mwachitsanzo, dziko la Netherlands lili m'munsimu chifukwa cha nthawi yochepa yodikira, pamene Australia ili pansipa chifukwa cha chithandizo chamankhwala. M'malo mosankha limodzi mwa mayiko omwe ali ndi zinthu zonsezi mosiyana, kupeza chithandizo ku Turkey, chomwe chili pamwamba, chimabweretsa chithandizo chopambana m'lingaliro lililonse.

1. nkhukundembo
2. Australia
3. Holland
4. USA
5. Canada
6. Finland

	nkhukundembo	Australia	Holland	USA	Canada	Finland
Dziko Lomwe Lili Ndi Chiwopsezo Chotsika Kwambiri cha Kufa kwa Khansa	✓	✓
Chithandizo cha Khansa chanthawi yake	✓		✓
Dziko Lopereka Chithandizo cha Khansa Chotsika mtengo	✓
Dziko Lomwe Lili Ndi Mtengo Wapamwamba Kwambiri Wopulumuka Pambuyo pa Chithandizo	✓			✓
Dziko Lokhala Ndi Zowunikira Zabwino Kwambiri Zopewera Khansa	✓				✓
Dziko Lomwe Lili Ndi Matenda Abwino Kwambiri pa Khansa	✓					✓

Madokotala Odziwa Maopaleshoni pa Chithandizo cha Khansa

Kusankha dokotala wodziwa bwino komanso wopambana pamankhwala a Khansa kupangitsa kuti chithandizo cha khansa chikhale chopambana. Kukonda kwa dokotala pa chithandizo choyenera kwambiri kwa wodwalayo kumapangitsa kuti chithandizo cha wodwalayo chikhale chopambana. Choncho, odwala amene akufuna kupeza madokotala bwino ayenera kusankha Turkey.
Madokotala ochita opaleshoni a ku Turkey ndi odziwa kuchiza khansa ndipo adzapeza mosavuta chithandizo choyenera kwa wodwalayo. Chifukwa chake, chiwopsezo chanu cha chithandizo cha khansa chidzakhala chapamwamba kwambiri.