Yintoni iSifo esiNgapheliyo sokuThintela imiphunga (COPD)?

Yintoni iCOPD?

Isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga (COPD) sisifo sokuphefumla esichaphazela imiphunga kwaye senza kube nzima kumntu ngamnye ukuphefumla ngokuqhelekileyo. I-COPD ibhekisela kwiqela lezifo zemiphunga, izifo eziphambili yi-emphysema kunye ne-bronchitis engapheliyo. Yimeko yexesha elide echaphazela kakubi impilo yesigulane kunye nobomi bemihla ngemihla.

Esi sifo ikakhulu kwenzeka ngenxa ukuchanabeka kumsi wecuba kunye nezinye iigesi eziyingozi kunye namasuntswana. Ngelixa ixesha elide bekukholelwa ukuba amadoda, ngakumbi amadoda angaphezu kwama-40, achaphazeleka ngakumbi kwiCOPD, abasetyhini bafumanisa ukuba banesi sifo. Nangona isifo esingapheliyo semiphunga sisifo esixhaphake kakhulu phakathi kwabemi behlabathi, abantu abaninzi abakabuqondi ubunzulu bemeko. Kweli nqaku, siza kuchaza ngakumbi malunga nokuba yintoni i-COPD kunye nokuba iphathwa njani.

Iyichaphazela Njani imiphunga yakho?

Isifo semiphunga esingapheliyo (Cronic obstructive pulmonary disease) (COPD) sicutha iindlela zomoya kwaye sonakalise imiphunga ngokusisigxina. Xa siphefumla ngaphakathi, umoya uhamba nge-branching airways ethi ihambe incinci de iphele kwiingxowa zomoya ezincinci. Ezi zingxobo zomoya (alveoli) zivumela icarbon dioxide ukuba iphume kwaye ioksijini ingene kumjikelezo. KwiCOPD, ukudumba ngokuhamba kwexesha kubangela umonakalo osisigxina kwiindlela zomoya kunye neengxowa zomoya zemiphunga. Iindlela zomoya ziyadumba, zidumbe, kwaye zizaliswe yincindi, nto leyo ethintela ukuhamba komoya. Iingxowa zomoya ziphulukana nokwakheka kwazo kunye ne-sponginess, ngoko ke azikwazi ukuzalisa kwaye zingenanto ngokulula, nto leyo yenza ukuba icarbon dioxide kunye neoksijini kutshintshiselwano kube nzima. Oku kubangela iimpawu ezifana nokuphefumla, ukuphefumla, ukukhohlela, kunye nephlegm.

Ziziphi iimpawu zeCOPD?

Ngexesha lamanqanaba angaphambili eCOPD, iimpawu zemeko zinokufana nokubanda rhoqo. Umntu unokuziva ephefumla kancinci emva kokusebenza kancinci, ukukhohlela imini yonke, kwaye kufuneka acoce umqala rhoqo.

Njengoko isifo siqhubeka, iimpawu zibonakala ngakumbi. Apha ngezantsi kuluhlu lweempawu eziqhelekileyo zeCOPD:

• Ukuphefumula
• Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo kukhatshwa yi-phlegm okanye i-mucus
• Ukuphefumla okuzingileyo, ukuphefumla okunengxolo
• Usulelo lokuphefumla rhoqo
• Ukubanda rhoqo kunye nomkhuhlane
• Ubungqina bentloko
• Ukudumba emaqatheni, ezinyaweni, okanye emilenzeni
• Lethargy

Njengoko isifo sibonakala sineempawu ezibuthathaka ekuqaleni, abantu abaninzi badla ngokusigxotha ekuqaleni. Ukuba isigulane asifumani unyango ngexesha elifanelekileyo, iimpawu ziya ziba nzima kwaye zichaphazela umgangatho wobomi bomntu. Ukuba ubona uninzi lweempawu ezikhankanyiweyo, tshaya rhoqo, kwaye ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-35 ubudala, unokucinga ukuba kungenzeka ukuba ube neCOPD.

Yintoni Ebangela ICOPD? Ngubani osemngciphekweni?

Nangona ngamanye amaxesha abantu abangazange batshaye bayachatshazelwa yiyo, eyona nto ixhaphakileyo emva kweCOPD imbali yokutshaya. Abatshayayo bafunyaniswa beneCOPD malunga nama-20% ngaphezulu kwabangatshayiyo. Njengoko ukutshaya ngokuthe ngcembe kuyonakalisa imiphunga, ixesha elide imbali yokutshaya kokukhona umngcipheko wokuba nesi sifo. Azikho iimveliso zecuba ezikhuselekileyo eziquka imidiza, imibhobho, kunye ne-e-cigarettes. Ukutshaya icuba kunokubangela iCOPD.

Umoya ongalunganga kunokukhokelela kuphuhliso lweCOPD. Ukuba sesichengeni kwiigesi eziyingozi, umsi, kunye namasuntswana kwiindawo ezingenamoya opholileyo kunokukhokelela kumngcipheko owongeziweyo weCOPD.

Kwipesenti encinci yezigulane zeCOPD, imeko inxulumene a Ingxaki yemfuza oko kukhokelela ekunqongopheni kwiprotheni ebizwa ngokuba yi-alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAt).

Ifunyaniswa njani iCOPD?

Ngenxa yokuba esi sifo sifana nezinye iimeko ezingaphantsi kakhulu ezifana nokubanda ekuqaleni kwayo, ngokuqhelekileyo ayichazwanga kwaye abantu abaninzi abaqondi ukuba baneCOPD de iimpawu zabo zibe nzima. Ukuba ucinga ukuba unokuba neCOPD, unokutyelela ugqirha wakho ukuze ufumane ukuxilongwa. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuxilonga iCOPD. Iimvavanyo zokuxilonga, ukuxilongwa komzimba, kunye neempawu zonke zinegalelo ekuxilongeni.

Ukuxilonga imeko yakho, uya kubuzwa malunga neempawu zakho, imbali yakho yezonyango kunye nentsapho yakho, kwaye ingaba ubonakaliswe kumonakalo wemiphunga njengokutshaya okanye nayiphi na ixesha elide lokuvezwa kweegesi eziyingozi.

Emva koko, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuxilonga imeko yakho. Ngolu vavanyo, kuya kwenzeka ukuxilonga ngokuchanekileyo ukuba unayo iCOPD okanye enye imeko. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wemiphunga (imiphunga).
• Isifuba X-ray
• CT scan
• Uhlalutyo lwegesi yegazi ye-arterial
• Iimvavanyo zaselebhu

Olunye lolona vavanyo luqhelekileyo lokusebenza kwemiphunga lubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo olulula olubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo i-spirometry. Ngethuba lolu vavanyo, isigulane sicelwa ukuba siphefumle kumatshini obizwa ngokuba yi-spirometer. Le nkqubo ilinganisa ukusebenza kunye namandla okuphefumla emiphungeni yakho.

Ziziphi iiNqanaba zeCOPD?

Iimpawu zeCOPD ngokuthe ngcembe ziba nzima ngakumbi ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngokwenkqubo yeGlobal Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) inkqubo yiNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute kunye neWorld Health Organization, kukho izigaba ezine zeCOPD.

Inqanaba lokuqala (Inqanaba loku-1):

Iimpawu zenqanaba lokuqala le-COPD zifana kakhulu nomkhuhlane kwaye zinokufunyaniswa ngendlela engeyiyo. Ukuphefumula okufutshane kunye nokukhwehlela okungapheliyo, okunokuthi kuhambisane ne-mucus yimpawu eziphambili ezifumanekayo kweli nqanaba.

Inqanaba eliPhakathi (Inqanaba 2):

Njengoko isifo sikhula iimpawu ezifunyenwe kwisigaba sokuqala ziyaqina kwaye ziphawuleke ngakumbi kubomi bemihla ngemihla besigulane. Ubunzima bokuphefumla buyanda kwaye isigulana sinokuqala ukuba neengxaki zokuphefumla nasemva komthambo ongephi womzimba. Ezinye iimpawu ezifana nokuphefumla, ukutyhafa, kunye nengxaki yokulala ziqala.

Inqanaba eliMandundu (Inqanaba 3):

Umonakalo kwimiphunga uba mkhulu kwaye ayikwazi ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo. Iindonga zeengxowa zomoya emiphungeni ziyaqhubeka nokuba buthathaka. Kuba nzima ngakumbi ukuthabatha ioksijini kwaye ususe i-carbon dioxide ngelixa ukhupha. Kuba nzima ngakumbi ukuphefumla ioksijini kunye nokukhupha icarbon dioxide. Zonke ezinye iimpawu zangaphambili ziqhubeka ziba zimbi kwaye zihlala rhoqo. Iimpawu ezintsha ezinjengokuqina kwesifuba, ukudinwa okugqithisileyo, kunye nosulelo lwesifuba oluthe gqolo lunokubonwa. Kwinqanaba lesi-3, unokufumana amaxesha okugqabhuka ngesiquphe xa iimpawu zisiba mandundu.

Imandundu (Inqanaba lesi-4):

Inqanaba lesi-4 i-COPD ithathwa njengenzima kakhulu. Zonke iimpawu zangaphambili ziqhubeka zisiba mbi kwaye ukugqabhuka kwenzeka rhoqo. Imiphunga ayikwazi ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye umthamo wemiphunga ungaphantsi kwama-30% ngaphantsi kwesiqhelo. Izigulana ziyasokola ukuphefumla naxa zisenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Ngexesha le-4 COPD, ukulaliswa esibhedlele ngenxa yobunzima bokuphefumla, ukusuleleka kwimiphunga, okanye ukungaphumeleli kokuphefumula rhoqo, kwaye ukuvutha ngokukhawuleza kunokubulala.

Ngaba i-COPD inokunyangwa?

Ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuba nemibuzo emininzi emva kokufumana ukuxilongwa kwezifo ezingapheliyo zemiphunga (COPD). Abantu abaneCOPD abanazo zonke iimpawu ezifanayo, kwaye umntu ngamnye unokufuna ikhosi eyahlukileyo yonyango. Kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngeendlela zonyango lwakho kunye nogqirha wakho kwaye ubuze nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba unayo.

• Ukuyeka Ukutshaya
• Abaphefumli
• Amayeza eCOPD
• Ukuhlaziywa kwePulmonary
• Ioksijeni eyongezelelweyo
• Unyango lweValve ye-Endobronchial (EBV).
• Uqhaqho (I-Bullectomy, uTyando lokuNcitshiswa koMphumo, okanye uTshintsho lwemiphunga)
• COPD Ballon Unyango

Nje ukuba ufunyaniswe ukuba uneCOPD, ugqirha wakho uya kukukhokelela kunyango olufanelekileyo ngokweempawu zakho kunye nenqanaba lemeko yakho.

COPD Ballon Unyango

COPD Ballon Unyango yindlela yenguqu yokunyanga isifo esingapheliyo semiphunga. Umsebenzi uquka ukucocwa komatshini kwi-bronchi nganye evaliweyo ngoncedo lwesixhobo esikhethekileyo. Emva kokuba i-bronchi ihlanjululwe kwaye iphinde ibuyisele umsebenzi wabo ophilileyo, isigulane sinokuphefumla ngokulula ngakumbi. Olu tyando lufumaneka kuphela kwizibhedlele ezikhethekileyo neekliniki ezimbalwa. Njengoko CureBooking, sisebenza nezinye zezi zixhobo ziphumeleleyo.

Ukufunda ngakumbi malunga neCOPD Ballon Treatment, ungaqhagamshelana nathi ukuze udibane simahla.

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