Kodi Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) ndi chiyani?

COPD ndi chiyani?

Matenda osokoneza bongo (COPD) ndi matenda opuma omwe amakhudza mapapu ndipo zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti anthu azipuma bwinobwino. COPD imatanthawuza gulu la matenda a m'mapapo, matenda aakulu ndi emphysema ndi bronchitis aakulu. Ndi chikhalidwe cha nthawi yayitali chomwe chimasokoneza thanzi la wodwalayo komanso moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.

Matendawa makamaka zimachitika chifukwa kukhudzana ndi utsi wa ndudu ndi mpweya wina woipa ndi tinthu ting'onoting'ono. Ngakhale kwa nthawi yayitali amakhulupirira kuti amuna, makamaka amuna opitilira zaka 40, amakhala pachiwopsezo cha COPD, azimayi nawonso amadwala matendawa. Ngakhale kuti matenda a m’mapapo a m’mapapo ndi ofala kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, anthu ambiri sakudziwabe za kuopsa kwa vutoli. M'nkhaniyi, tifotokoza zambiri za COPD ndi momwe amachitira.

Kodi Zimakhudza Bwanji Mapapo Anu?

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) imachepetsa mpweya ndikuwononga mapapu mpaka kalekale. Tikamapuma, mpweya umayenda kudzera m'mizere ya nthambi yomwe imachepa pang'onopang'ono mpaka kukafika m'matumba ang'onoang'ono. Ma matumba a mpweya (alveoli) amalola mpweya woipa kutuluka ndi mpweya kulowa m'magazi. Mu COPD, kutupa pakapita nthawi kumayambitsa kuwonongeka kosatha kwa mpweya ndi matumba a mpweya m'mapapo. Mitsempha ya mpweya imatupa, kutupa, ndi kudzaza ndi ntchofu, zomwe zimalepheretsa kutuluka kwa mpweya. Zikwama za mpweya zimataya kamangidwe kake ndi sponginess, choncho sangathe kudzaza ndi kutaya mosavuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya wa carbon dioxide ndi oxygen ukhale wovuta. Izi zimabweretsa zizindikiro monga kupuma, kupuma, kutsokomola, ndi phlegm.

Kodi Zizindikiro za COPD ndi ziti?

M'zaka zoyambirira za COPD, zizindikiro za matendawa zimatha kukhala ngati chimfine. Munthu amatha kumva kupuma movutikira pambuyo pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono, kutsokomola tsiku lonse, ndipo amafunika kuyeretsa kukhosi nthawi zambiri.

Matendawa akamakula, zizindikiro zake zimaonekera kwambiri. M'munsimu muli mndandanda wa zizindikiro zofala za COPD:

• Kupuma
• Kutsokomola kosatha limodzi ndi phlegm kapena ntchofu
• Kupumira kosalekeza, kupuma kwaphokoso
• Matenda opatsirana pafupipafupi
• Kuzizira pafupipafupi komanso chimfine
• Chimake cha chifuwa
• Kutupa mu akakolo, mapazi, kapena miyendo
• mphwayi

Monga momwe matendawa amawonekera ndi zizindikiro zochepa poyamba, anthu ambiri amakonda kunyalanyaza poyamba. Ngati wodwalayo salandira chithandizo munthawi yake, zizindikiro zimakula kwambiri ndipo zimakhudza moyo wamunthu. Ngati muwona zizindikiro zingapo zomwe zatchulidwazi, kusuta pafupipafupi, ndipo mwadutsa zaka 35, mungaganize zokhala ndi COPD.

Chimayambitsa COPD ndi Chiyani? Ndani ali pachiwopsezo?

Ngakhale kuti nthawi zina anthu omwe sanasutepo amakhudzidwa ndi izi, zomwe zimayambitsa COPD ndizo mbiri ya kusuta. Osuta amapezeka kuti ali ndi COPD pafupifupi 20% kuposa omwe sasuta. Pamene kusuta kumawononga pang'onopang'ono mapapu, mbiri ya kusuta fodya imakhalanso ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matendawa. Palibe mankhwala osuta fodya otetezeka kuphatikizapo ndudu, mapaipi, ndi ndudu za e-fodya. Kusuta fodya kungayambitsenso COPD.

Mpweya woipa Zingayambitsenso kukula kwa COPD. Kukumana ndi mpweya woipa, utsi, ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono m'malo opanda mpweya wabwino kungayambitse chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha COPD.

Pa gawo lochepa chabe la odwala COPD, vutoli limakhudzana ndi a chibadwa zomwe zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa puloteni yotchedwa alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAt).

Kodi COPD Imazindikiridwa Bwanji?

Chifukwa chakuti matendawa amafanana ndi zinthu zina zochepa kwambiri monga kuzizira koyambirira, nthawi zambiri samadziwika bwino ndipo anthu ambiri sazindikira kuti ali ndi COPD mpaka zizindikiro zawo zikukula. Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi COPD, mukhoza kupita kwa dokotala kuti mudziwe matenda. Pali njira zingapo zodziwira COPD. Kuyeza matenda, kuyezetsa thupi, ndi zizindikiro zonse zimathandiza kuti munthu azindikire.

Kuti mudziwe matenda anu, mudzafunsidwa za zizindikiro zanu, mbiri yanu yachipatala komanso ya banja lanu, komanso ngati mwakhala mukukumana ndi kuwonongeka kwa mapapo monga kusuta fodya kapena kukhudzana ndi mpweya woipa kwa nthawi yaitali.

Kenako, dokotala wanu akhoza kuyitanitsa mayeso angapo kuti adziwe matenda anu. Ndi mayesowa, mutha kudziwa molondola ngati muli ndi COPD kapena vuto lina. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• Mayesero a ntchito ya m'mapapo (pulmonary).
• Pesi X-ray
• CT scan
• Kusanthula kwa mpweya wamagazi
• Mayeso a Laboratory

Chimodzi mwa mayeso odziwika bwino a m'mapapo chimatchedwa kuyesa kosavuta kotchedwa spirometry. Pakuyezetsa uku, wodwalayo amafunsidwa kupuma mu makina otchedwa spirometer. Izi zimayesa kugwira ntchito ndi kupuma kwa mapapu anu.

Kodi Magawo a COPD Ndi Chiyani?

Zizindikiro za COPD zimakhala zovuta kwambiri pakapita nthawi. Malinga ndi pulogalamu ya Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) yolembedwa ndi National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute ndi World Health Organisation, pali magawo anayi a COPD.

Gawo Loyamba (Gawo 1):

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za COPD ndizofanana kwambiri ndi chimfine ndipo zimatha kuzindikirika molakwika. Kupuma pang'ono ndi chifuwa chosalekeza, chomwe chingatsatidwe ndi ntchofu ndizo zizindikiro zazikulu zomwe zimachitika panthawiyi.

Gawo Lochepa (Gawo 2):

Pamene matendawa akukula zizindikiro zomwe zimachitikira kumayambiriro zimakula kwambiri ndipo zimawonekera kwambiri pa moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa wodwalayo. Kupumira kumawonjezeka ndipo wodwala akhoza kuyamba kukhala ndi vuto la kupuma ngakhale atachita masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono. Zizindikiro zina monga kupuma, kutopa, ndi kugona zimayamba.

Gawo Lalikulu (Gawo 3):

Kuwonongeka kwa mapapu kumakhala kwakukulu ndipo sangathe kugwira ntchito bwino. Makoma a matumba a mpweya m'mapapo akupitiriza kufooka. Zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kutenga mpweya ndi kuchotsa carbon dioxide pamene mukupuma. Zimakhala zovuta kupuma mpweya wabwino ndikutulutsa mpweya woipa. Zizindikiro zina zonse zam'mbuyomu zimapitilirabe kukulirakulira komanso pafupipafupi. Zizindikiro zatsopano monga kulimba pachifuwa, kutopa kwambiri, komanso matenda a pachifuwa pafupipafupi amatha kuwoneka. Mu Gawo 3, mutha kukhala ndi nthawi yodzidzimutsa pomwe zizindikiro zimakulirakulira.

Kwambiri (Gawo 4):

Gawo 4 COPD imawonedwa ngati yovuta kwambiri. Zizindikiro zonse zam'mbuyomu zikupitilirabe kukulirakulira ndipo kuphulika kumachitika pafupipafupi. Mapapo sangathe kugwira ntchito bwino ndipo mphamvu ya mapapu ndi pafupifupi 30% yocheperapo kuposa momwe amakhalira. Odwala amavutika ndi kupuma ngakhale akugwira ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku. Pa siteji 4 COPD, zipatala chifukwa cha vuto la kupuma, matenda a m'mapapo, kapena kupuma kwa kupuma kumakhala kawirikawiri, ndipo kuphulika mwadzidzidzi kumatha kupha.

Kodi COPD Ingachiritsidwe?

Mudzakhala ndi mafunso ambiri mutalandira matenda osachiritsika a pulmonary disease (COPD). Anthu omwe ali ndi COPD sakhala ndi zizindikiro zofanana, ndipo munthu aliyense angafunike chithandizo chosiyana. Ndikofunikira kukambirana ndi dokotala zomwe mungasankhe ndikufunsani mafunso aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo.

• Kusiya Kusuta
• Ma inhalers
• Mankhwala a COPD
• Kukonzanso kwa Pulmonary
• Wowonjezera Oxygen
• Chithandizo cha Endobronchial Valve (EBV).
• Kupanga Opaleshoni (Bullectomy, Opaleshoni Yochepetsa Mapapo, kapena Kuika M'mapapo)
• Chithandizo cha Ballon cha COPD

Mutapezeka kuti muli ndi COPD, dokotala wanu adzakutsogolerani ku chithandizo choyenera malinga ndi zizindikiro zanu ndi gawo la matenda anu.

Chithandizo cha Ballon cha COPD

Chithandizo cha Ballon cha COPD ndi njira yosinthira yochizira matenda osatha a m'mapapo. Opaleshoni imaphatikizapo kuyeretsa makina a bronchi iliyonse yotsekedwa mothandizidwa ndi chipangizo chapadera. Pambuyo pa kutsukidwa kwa bronchi ndikubwezeretsanso ntchito yawo yathanzi, wodwalayo amatha kupuma mosavuta. Opaleshoniyi imapezeka mzipatala ndi zipatala zingapo zapadera. Monga CureBooking, tikugwira ntchito ndi ena mwa malo opambanawa.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za COPD Ballon Chithandizo, mutha kulumikizana nafe kuti tikambirane zaulere.

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