Mankhwala Atsopano a Khansa

Chithandizo chachikulu cha khansa ndi opaleshoni, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy ndi chithandizo chomwe mukufuna.

Opaleshoni ndi chithandizo chofala cha khansa. Kumaphatikizapo kuchotsa chotupa kapena mbali ya chotupacho ndi opaleshoni. Zitha kuphatikizapo kuchotsa ma lymph node kapena minofu ina pafupi kuti muwone ngati khansa yafalikira.

Chemotherapy amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kupha maselo a khansa kapena kuwaletsa kukula. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito musanachite opareshoni kuti muchepetse zotupa, pambuyo pa opaleshoni kuti muphe maselo a khansa omwe atsala, kapena kuphatikiza ndi ma radiation kuti azitha kugwira bwino ntchito.

Chithandizo cha radiation chimagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwamphamvu kwamphamvu kwa ma radiation kupha maselo a khansa kapena kuwaletsa kukula. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito musanachite opaleshoni kuti muchepetse zotupa, pambuyo pa opaleshoni kuti muphe maselo a khansa otsala kapena kuphatikiza ndi chemotherapy kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino.

Immunotherapy imathandizira chitetezo chanu cha mthupi kulimbana ndi khansa powonjezera chitetezo chachilengedwe cha thupi lanu kulimbana nacho. Chithandizo chamtunduwu chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chithandizo china chalephera kapena chotupacho sichingachotsedwe kwathunthu ndi opaleshoni.

Thandizo loyang'aniridwa ndi mtundu wa chithandizo chamankhwala chomwe chimagwira ntchito poyang'ana mamolekyu ena omwe ali pamwamba pa maselo a khansa omwe amawathandiza kukula ndikukhala ndi moyo. Mankhwala amtunduwu amatha kutsekereza mamolekyuwa kuti khansayo isakule ndi kufalikira mwachangu momwe ikanakhalira popanda mankhwalawa kutsekereza zizindikiro zake zakukula.

1. Immunotherapy: Uwu ndi mtundu wa chithandizo chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito chitetezo cha mthupi kulimbana ndi maselo a khansa. Zimaphatikizapo mankhwala monga monoclonal antibody therapy ndi checkpoint inhibitors, omwe amagwira ntchito poletsa mapuloteni ena pamwamba pa maselo a khansa omwe amawathandiza kuti apulumuke ndikufalikira.
2. Chithandizo Chachindunji: Thandizo lolunjika limaphatikizapo mankhwala kapena zinthu zina zomwe zimaloza mitundu ina ya maselo a khansa popanda kuvulaza maselo abwinobwino. Zitsanzo zimaphatikizapo mankhwala omwe amayang'ana mapuloteni ena kapena majini mu selo la khansa, kapena mankhwala omwe amayang'ana njira zina zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kukula ndi kufalikira kwa chotupa.
3. Radiotherapy: Radiotherapy imagwiritsa ntchito cheza champhamvu kwambiri kupha maselo a khansa kapena kuchepetsa zotupa powononga DNA yawo kotero kuti sangathe kuberekanso. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza zotupa zolimba ndipo amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito payekha kapena kuphatikiza ndi mankhwala ena, monga chemotherapy kapena opaleshoni.
4. Photodynamic Therapy: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osamva kuwala otchedwa photosensitizers ndi mtundu wapadera wa kuwala kwa laser kuti aphe maselo a khansa ndi kuwonongeka kochepa kwa minofu yozungulira. Zimagwira ntchito poyambitsa ma photosensitizers omwe kenako amatulutsa mphamvu zomwe zimawononga DNA ya chotupacho ndikupangitsa kufa mwachangu.
5. Kuchiza kwa Hormone: Chithandizo cha mahomoni chimaphatikizapo kutsekereza mahomoni kuti asafike ku maselo otupa kapena kuloza ma mahomoni kuti asagwiritsidwe ntchito pakukula kwa chotupa ndikufalikira, kutengera mtundu wa khansa yomwe ikuchiritsidwa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa khansa ya m'mawere, prostate, ovarian, ndi endometrial koma angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa mitundu ina ya khansa.

Mutha kulumikizana nafe kuti mupeze chithandizo chatsopano cha khansa komanso kuti mudziwe zambiri za phukusi lamankhwala.