Menene Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar Cutar (COPD)?
Menene COPD?
Kwayar cuta mai saurin kamuwa da cutar sankara (COPD) cuta ce ta nunfashi da ke shafar huhu kuma tana sa mutane da yawa su sha iska. COPD yana nufin rukuni na cututtukan huhu, manyan cututtuka sune emphysema da mashako na kullum. Yanayi ne na dogon lokaci wanda ke cutar da lafiyar mara lafiya da rayuwar yau da kullun.
Wannan cuta yafi faruwa saboda fallasa hayakin sigari da sauran iskar gas da barbashi masu cutarwa. Yayin da aka dade an yi imanin cewa maza, musamman mazan da suka haura shekaru 40, sun fi kamuwa da COPD, mata kuma suna kara kamuwa da cutar. Duk da cewa cutar ta huhu ta kasance cuta ce da ta zama ruwan dare a tsakanin al'ummar duniya, har yanzu mutane da yawa ba su san tsananin yanayin ba. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu yi bayani game da abin da COPD yake da kuma yadda ake bi da shi.
Ta Yaya Yake Shafar Huhunku?
Ciwon huhu na yau da kullun (COPD) yana kunkuntar hanyoyin iska kuma yana lalata huhu har abada. Lokacin da muke numfashi, iska tana motsawa ta hanyar reshen hanyoyin iska waɗanda ke ƙara ƙarami har sai sun ƙare a cikin ƙananan jakar iska. Waɗannan jakunkuna na iska (alveoli) suna ba da damar carbon dioxide don fita da iskar oxygen don shiga wurare dabam dabam. A cikin COPD, kumburi a kan lokaci yana haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga hanyoyin iska da jakar iska na huhu. Hanyoyin iska suna ƙonewa, kumbura, kuma suna cika da ƙura, wanda ke hana iska. Jakunkunan iska suna rasa tsarinsu da sponginess, don haka ba za su iya cikawa da komai ba cikin sauƙi, yana sa musayar carbon dioxide da iskar oxygen ke da wahala. Wannan yana haifar da alamun kamar rashin numfashi, hushi, tari, da phlegm.
Menene Alamomin COPD?
A lokacin farkon matakan COPD, alamun yanayin na iya kama da sanyi na yau da kullun. Mutum na iya jin ƙarancin numfashi bayan motsa jiki mai sauƙi, tari cikin yini, kuma yana buƙatar tsaftace makogwaronsu akai-akai.
Yayin da cutar ke ci gaba, alamun sun zama sananne. Da ke ƙasa akwai jerin alamun gama gari na COPD:
- Rashin iska
- Tari na yau da kullun tare da phlegm ko gamsai
- Juyawa mai jujjuyawa, numfashi mai surutu
- Yawan cututtuka na numfashi
- Yawan sanyi da mura
- Chest tightness
- Kumburi a idon sawu, ƙafa, ko ƙafa
- Lethargy
Kamar yadda cutar ta bayyana tare da ƙananan bayyanar cututtuka a farkon, mutane da yawa sukan yi watsi da shi da farko. Idan majiyyaci bai sami magani a kan lokaci ba, alamun suna ƙara tsananta kuma suna shafar rayuwar mutum. Idan kun lura da yawa daga cikin alamun da aka ambata, shan taba akai-akai, kuma sun wuce shekaru 35, kuna iya la'akari da yiwuwar samun COPD.
Menene ke haifar da COPD? Wanene ke cikin haɗari?
Ko da yake wasu lokuta mutanen da ba su taɓa shan taba ba suna shafar shi, abin da ya fi dacewa a bayan COPD shine tarihin shan taba. Ana gano masu shan taba tare da COPD kusan 20% fiye da wadanda ba masu shan taba ba. Yayin da shan taba a hankali yana lalata huhu, tsawon tarihin shan taba yana kara haɗarin tasowa wannan yanayin. Babu amintattun samfuran taba da suka haɗa da sigari, bututu, da sigari na e-cigare. Shan taba na hannu na iya haifar da COPD.
Rashin ingancin iska Hakanan na iya haifar da haɓakar COPD. Kasancewa ga iskar gas mai cutarwa, hayaki, da barbashi a wuraren da ba su da iska na iya haifar da ƙarin haɗarin COPD.
A cikin ƙaramin kashi na marasa lafiya COPD, yanayin yana da alaƙa da a rashin lafiyar kwayoyin halitta wanda ke haifar da rashi a cikin furotin da ake kira alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAt).
Ta yaya ake gano COPD?
Domin cutar ta yi kama da wasu yanayi marasa ƙarfi kamar sanyi a farkonta, yawanci ana kuskuren ganewa kuma mutane da yawa ba sa gane cewa suna da COPD har sai alamun su sun yi tsanani. Idan kuna la'akari da yiwuwar samun COPD, za ku iya ziyarci likitan ku don samun ganewar asali. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don gano COPD. Gwaje-gwajen bincike, gwajin jiki, da alamomin duk suna ba da gudummawa ga ganewar asali.
Don gano yanayin ku, za a tambaye ku game da alamun ku, tarihin lafiyar ku da na iyali, da ko an fallasa ku ga lalacewar huhu kamar shan taba ko duk wani dogon lokaci ga iskar gas mai cutarwa.
Bayan haka, likitan ku na iya yin odar gwaje-gwaje da yawa don tantance yanayin ku. Tare da waɗannan gwaje-gwaje, zai yiwu a tantance daidai ko kuna da COPD ko wani yanayin. Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da:
- Gwajin aikin huhu (na huhu).
- X-ray
- CT dubawa
- Binciken iskar gas na jijiya
- Labaran gwaje-gwaje
Ɗaya daga cikin gwaje-gwajen aikin huhu da aka fi sani shine ake kira gwaji mai sauƙi da ake kira spirometry. Yayin wannan gwajin, ana tambayar majiyyaci ya numfasa cikin injin da ake kira spirometer. Wannan tsari yana auna aiki da ƙarfin numfashi na huhunku.
Menene Matakan COPD?
Alamun COPD sannu a hankali suna ƙara tsananta akan lokaci. Bisa ga shirin Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) na National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and World Health Organization, akwai matakai hudu na COPD.
Matakin Farko (Mataki na 1):
Alamomin farko na COPD suna kama da mura kuma ana iya yin kuskure. Ƙunƙarar numfashi da tari mai tsayi, wanda zai iya kasancewa tare da gamsai sune manyan alamun da aka samu a wannan mataki.
Matsayi mai laushi (Mataki na 2):
Yayin da cutar ke tasowa alamun da aka samu a farkon matakin suna ƙaruwa kuma sun zama sananne a cikin rayuwar yau da kullum na mai haƙuri. Matsalolin numfashi suna ƙaruwa kuma majiyyaci na iya fara samun matsalolin numfashi koda bayan motsa jiki mai sauƙi. Sauran alamomin kamar su hushi, gajiya, da matsalar barci suna farawa.
Matsanancin Mataki (Mataki na 3):
Lalacewar huhu ya zama mai mahimmanci kuma ba za su iya aiki akai-akai ba. Ganuwar jakar iska a cikin huhu na ci gaba da raunana. Yana da wuya a sha iskar oxygen da cire carbon dioxide yayin fitar da numfashi. Ya zama da wahala a shakar iskar oxygen da fitar da carbon dioxide. Duk sauran alamun da suka gabata suna ci gaba da tsanantawa kuma akai-akai. Sabbin alamu kamar matsi a ƙirji, matsananciyar gajiya, da yawan kamuwa da cutar ƙirji za a iya gani. A mataki na 3, za ku iya fuskantar lokacin tashin hankali ba zato ba tsammani lokacin da alamun suka tsananta ba zato ba tsammani.
Mai Tsanani (Mataki na 4):
Mataki na 4 COPD ana ɗaukarsa mai tsanani. Duk alamun da suka gabata suna ci gaba da tabarbarewa kuma firgita sun fi yawa. Huhu ba zai iya aiki da kyau ba kuma ƙarfin huhu ya kai kusan 30% ƙasa da na al'ada. Marasa lafiya suna fama da numfashi ko da lokacin da suke yin ayyukan yau da kullun. A lokacin mataki na 4 COPD, asibiti don matsalolin numfashi, cututtuka na huhu, ko gazawar numfashi suna da yawa, kuma tashin hankali na gaggawa na iya zama m.
Za a iya bi da COPD?
Tabbas zaku sami tambayoyi da yawa bayan samun ganewar cutar cututtukan huhu (COPD). Mutanen da ke da COPD ba duk suna fuskantar alamomi iri ɗaya ba, kuma kowane mutum na iya buƙatar wata hanya ta magani. Yana da mahimmanci a tattauna zaɓuɓɓukan maganin ku tare da likitan ku kuma ku tambayi kowace tambaya da kuke da ita.
- Dakatar da shan taba
- Masu shakar numfashi
- Magungunan COPD
- Gyaran cutar huhu
- Ƙarin Oxygen
- Maganin Endobronchial Valve (EBV).
- Tiyata (Bullectomy, Tiyatar Rage Girman Huhu, ko Tsarin Huhu)
- COPD Ballon Jiyya
Da zarar an gano ku tare da COPD, likitanku zai jagorance ku zuwa magani mai dacewa bisa ga alamun ku da kuma matakin yanayin ku.
COPD Ballon Jiyya
COPD Ballon Jiyya wata hanyar juyin juya hali ce ta magance cututtukan cututtukan huhu. Ayyukan ya haɗa da tsaftacewa na injiniya na kowane katange bronchi tare da taimakon na'ura na musamman. Bayan an tsabtace bronchi kuma sun dawo da aikin su na lafiya, mai haƙuri zai iya numfashi da sauƙi. Ana samun wannan aikin a wasu ƴan asibitoci da asibitoci na musamman. Kamar yadda CureBooking, muna aiki tare da wasu daga cikin waɗannan wurare masu nasara.
Don ƙarin koyo game da COPD Ballon Jiyya, za ku iya tuntuɓar mu don shawarwari kyauta.